Neonatal Phototherapy

A Neonatal Jaundice Treatment Device (phototherapy unit) is a Class II medical device that delivers therapeutic blue light (450-470 nm) to treat hyperbilirubinemia in newborns, preventing bilirubin-induced neurological damage (kernicterus). Available as overhead units (mobile stands with LED or fluorescent lamps), fiberoptic systems (Biliblanket) with illuminated pads placed against the infant's skin, and combination systems for intensive therapy. Irradiance ranges from 10-50+ µW/cm²/nm at treatment distance. LED units offer specific wavelength output, minimal heat, long life (10,000-50,000 hours), and energy efficiency. Treatment indications follow AAP hour-specific nomograms based on gestational age, birth weight, postnatal age, and risk factors. Essential safety requirements include opaque eye shields to protect neonatal retinas, temperature monitoring to prevent hyperthermia, hydration maintenance, and regular irradiance verification. Used in hospital NICUs, newborn nurseries, and (select devices) home care settings for mild jaundice. Critical for preventing permanent neurological sequelae of untreated severe neonatal jaundice.